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产后牛子宫内菌群变化规律及致病性研究

时间:2014-10-23 16:47 点击:
摘要:为探索河南省郏县红牛产后子宫内菌群变化规律及各菌种的致病性与耐药性,采集21头产后健康的郏县红牛子宫内容物,进行了细菌计数、生化鉴定、致病性及药敏试验。结果表明,正常分娩后1 d牛子宫内即呈现污染状态,共分离出70株(9种)细菌,产后第8天子
  摘要:为探索河南省郏县红牛产后子宫内菌群变化规律及各菌种的致病性与耐药性,采集21头产后健康的郏县红牛子宫内容物,进行了细菌计数、生化鉴定、致病性及药敏试验。结果表明,正常分娩后1 d牛子宫内即呈现污染状态,共分离出70株(9种)细菌,产后第8天子宫内细菌数量和种类均达到最大值,分别为(1.88±0.65)×107个/g和79株(9种),随后细菌数量和种类开始减少;产后第36天产吲哚金黄杆菌(Chryseobacterium indologenes)未分离到,第43天产吲哚金黄杆菌、乳房链球菌(Streptococcus uberis)、屎肠球菌(Enterococcus Faecium)、棒状杆菌属(Corynebacterium)4种细菌未分离到。小鼠致病性试验结果表明,大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli)、蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)、藤黄微球菌(Micrococcus luteus)、表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus)对小鼠致病性较强,大肠埃希菌组小鼠腹腔攻毒后24 h内全部死亡,其余组小鼠在腹腔攻毒后2 d内全部死亡。大肠埃希菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、藤黄微球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、产吲哚金黄杆菌均对阿莫西林和氨苄西林耐药,对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、强力霉素、氯霉素、头孢他啶均敏感。

  关键词:郏县红牛;子宫内菌群;致病性;药敏试验

  中图分类号:S857.2+2;S858.23 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)17-4115-05

  Intrauterine Flora Changes of Postpartum Cows and Its Pathogenicity

  HU Wen-ju1,2; SONG Yan-hua3; QIN Jia-chen1; SHI Kui-lin4; YU Wen-hao1;

  LIU Yuan-zhe1; WANG Xin-zhuang1

  (1. Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou 450002, China;

  2. Henan Radio & Television University, Zhengzhou, 450008, China;

  3. Henan Vocational College of Agriculture, Zhongmou 451450, Henan, China;

  4.Jiaxian Redcow Breeding Center of Pingdingshan City, Pingdingshan 467124, Henan, China)

  Abstract: To study the flora changes of postpartum cows and the pathogenicity of bacteria and drug resistance, the uterine contents were collected from 21 health postpartum Jiaxian redcows for bacteria counting, biochemical identification, test of pathogenicity and drug resistance. The results showed that the uterus of cows were polluted one day after delivery and 70 strains (9 species) bacteria were isolated. The quantity and species of the bacteria reached the peak value (1.88±0.65×107/g and 79 strains(9 species), then started falling. Chryseobacterium indologenes were not isolated 36 days after delivery and 43 days after delivery. There were four bacteria including Chryseobacterium indologenes, Streptococcus parauberis, Enterococcus faecium and Corpmbacterium were not isolated. Pathogenicity test showed that E.coli, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus epidermidis had high pathogenicity for mice. The mice in E.coli group died in 24 h after attack test, and in other groups died in 2 d. E.coli, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Chryseobacterium indologenes were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, doxycycline, chloromycetin and ceftazidime but resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin.

  Key words: Jiaxian redcow; intrauterine flora; pathogenicity; drug sensitive test

  随着人工授精技术的普及和规模化养殖业的发展,子宫内膜炎在母牛产科疾病中所占比例越来越大,致使良种母牛的繁殖潜力和生产性能无法充分发挥,给养牛业造成较大的经济损失[1]。研究表明子宫内膜炎是因为大量非致病性微生物侵入子宫后,在子宫内过度繁殖引起的炎症[2],而产后牛子宫内细菌的动态变化存在一个可预测的短暂规律[3],因此研究产后牛子宫内菌群的动态变化规律对预防和治疗牛子宫内膜炎有重要的意义。

  本试验对21头产后健康的河南省郏县红牛不同时期子宫内细菌进行了分离,并对分离出的9种细菌的致病性及耐药性进行了研究,旨在探索郏县红牛产后子宫内菌群变化规律,为临床防治提供依据。

  1 材料与方法

  1.1 供试材料

  1.1.1 动物 在河南平顶山地区某牛场选取产期相近的郏县红牛21头,所选牛产程均正常、无胎衣不下,无繁殖障碍性病史,体况良好。昆白系小鼠40只(22~25 g/只),其中雌小鼠18只,雄小鼠22只,均购自河南省实验动物中心。

  1.1.2 培养基 肉汤A培养基、液体硫乙醇酸盐培养基、血液琼脂基础培养基、胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂、麦康凯琼脂培养基、双抗巧克力琼脂培养基、改良沙氏琼脂培养基、厌氧菌琼脂、MH肉汤均为青岛高科园海博生物技术有限公司产品。

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