摘要:对来自于贵州省不同栽培地区的8个辣椒疫病病原菌分离物进行生物学特性及辣椒抗疫病性研究。经形态特征及回接发病特征鉴定,确定这些菌株为辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici Leonian),8个菌株在CA上诱导产生的孢子囊形态特征和平均大小无明显差异。在一些辣椒品种中,垂直抗性和水平抗性可能共存。建议在生产中根据当地的具体情况来选用不同的抗病品种。 关键词:辣椒;辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici Leonian);生物学特性;抗病性 中图分类号:S436.418.1+9;S433.1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2014)20-4845-03 DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2014.20.019 Biological Characteristic and Identification Method of Pepper Resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leonian in Guizhou Province WANG Ying1,WANG Shu2,ZHAO Yu-qiao2,XIANG Zhun1,LIU Ying-ying1,ZHANG Yu-wu1 (1.Guizhou Province Institute of Biology, Guiyang 550009,China; 2.Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Herbin 150111,China) Abstract: The biological characteristics and disease resistance of eight isolates collected from different pepper cultivating regions of Guizhou province were studied. Based on the morphological characteristics and symptoms after reinoculated to pepper, these isolates were identified as Phytophthora capsici Leonian. The sporangia induced on CA medium were morphologically similar. The horizontal and vertical resistance in certain pepper cultivars were coexisted. In production,it is advised to choose different disease-resistant varieties based on the local specific situation. Key word: pepper; Phytophthora capsici Leonian; biological characteristic; disease resistance 辣椒疫霉菌(Phytophthora capsici Leonian) 是危害辣(甜)椒的一种毁灭性的土传病害,是贵州省各地辣椒的主要病害,在辣椒重病区,枯死率可达80%以上,产量损失也十分严重,严重影响了贵州省辣椒生产及相关产业的发展。贵州作为全国辣椒的主产区之一,疫病近年来发生愈来愈严重,尤其是对无公害蔬菜基地和定单农业基地已产生较大影响。本研究对收集到的8个病菌菌株和4个辣椒品种(系)进行生物学特性和抗疫病性鉴定研究,为明确贵州省辣椒疫病病原菌的分类特征及为害特点、有效地控制辣椒生产中疫病的发生和危害提供理论参考。 1 材料和方法 1.1 样本采集 2013年8~9月从贵州省贵阳市花溪区、乌当区、开阳县、罗甸县、遵义市遵义县和绥阳县的辣椒种植地里采集具有典型症状的辣椒疫病病果,独立分装带回实验室。每块发病辣椒地随机取3~4个病果,样品情况见表1。 1.2 培养基 ①胡萝卜(CA)培养基;②马铃薯琼脂(PDA)培养基;③油菜子(RMA)培养基;④玉米粉(CMA)培养基;⑤燕麦片琼脂(OMA)培养基;⑥选择性培养基(CA培养基+多菌灵50 mg/L+利福平110 mg/L+五氯硝基苯60 mg/L+青霉素60 mg/L);⑦Petri液[Ca(N03)2 0.5 g/L +MgS04 0.15 g/L +K2HPO4 0.1g/L +KCl 0.05g/L] 1.3 辣椒疫霉菌的分离、纯化 |